php - Stored non-English characters, got '?????' - MySQL Character Set issue -

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my site working on in farsi , text being displayed ????? (question marks). changed collation of db tables utf8_general_ci still shows ???

i ran following script change tables did not work well.

i want know doing wrong

<?php // connection mysql_connect("mysql.ord1-1.websitesettings.com","user_name","pass"); mysql_select_db("895923_masihiat");  // convert code $res = mysql_query("show tables"); while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($res)) {     foreach ($row $key => $table)     {         mysql_query("alter table " . $table . " convert character set utf8 collate utf8_unicode_ci");         echo $key . " =&gt; " . $table . " converted<br />";     } } ?>

bad news. first, double check:

select col, hex(col)...

to see in table. if hex shows 3f, data gone. correctly stored, dal character should hex d8af; hah hex d8ad.

what happened:

  • you had utf8-encoded data (good)
  • set names latin1 in effect (default, wrong)
  • the column declared character set latin1 (default, wrong)

as inserted data, converted latin1, not have values farsi characters, question marks replaced them.

the cure (for future `inserts):

  • recode application using mysqli_* interface instead of deprecated mysql_* interface.
  • utf8-encoded data (good)
  • mysqli_set_charset('utf8')
  • check column(s) and/or table default character set utf8
  • if displaying on web page, <meta...utf8> should near top.

the discussion above character set, encoding of characters. tip on collation, used comparing , sorting.

if want these treated equal: 'بِسْمِ' = 'بسم', use utf8_unicode_ci (instead of utf8_general_ci) collation.


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